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View our collection of personalized CNC-milled carbon fiber components. Check our exemplary precision craftsmanship in several sectors and industries.




| Feature | Standard | Precision |
|---|---|---|
| Hole Diameter | ±0.05mm | ±0.01mm |
| Profile / Contour | ±0.10mm | ±0.05mm |
| Flatness | ±0.10mm | ±0.03mm |
| Depth | ±0.15mm | ±0.05mm |
| Process | Speed (RPM) | Feed Rate |
|---|---|---|
| Drilling | 3,000 – 8,000 | 0.02 – 0.08 mm/rev |
| Milling | 80 – 150 m/min | 0.05 – 0.1 mm/tooth |
| Routing | 10,000 – 18,000 | 2 – 5 m/min |
Carbon fiber is anisotropic and abrasive, therefore fully CNC machining carbon fiber is different from metals. To avoid encapsulation, overheating, and delamination, tool selection, spindle speeds, feeds, and cutting strategies must be optimized. Moreover, the use of diamond or carbide tooling materials, specialized chip evacuation systems and high feed rates with shallower cuts are more common in carbon fiber machining. Moreover, carbon machining is different as it focuses more on the containment of fiber dust for health and eSD considerations.
Carbon fiber design requires specific design considerations with respect to the ply orientation, stacking sequence, and design tolerances to account for the composite’s directional stiffness. Designers must consider the potential for high springback, tooling marks, edge delamination, and of course, springback, when tight tolerances are specified for post-cure CNC finishing. More positive outcomes can be expected when it is specified to avoid sharp edges around holes, to add reinforcements around bearing surfaces, and to plan on secondary machining.
CNC machining of high-performance carbon fibre components yields the high precision and reproducibility of geometry and surface finish to the exacting tolerance levels required for the aerospace, motorsport and medical sectors. CNC machining allows for the addition of complex features with extreme precision and alignment of holes, as well as a high consistency of part-to-part repetition, all while reducing the requirements for manual labour. Due to the adjusted machining parameters, the mechanical properties of high performance carbon fibre laminates are not compromised.
CNC machining of carbon fibre requires the installation of a dust extraction and HEPA filtration systems and the use of appropriate PPE as carbon fibre dust is hazardous to inhale and is electrically conductive. Work processes should incorporate systems of localized vacuum containment around the cutting tool, regular servicing of filters and surface grounding to mitigate the risks of static charge. Procedures for the disposal of contaminated cutting fluids and scrap remain within the boundaries of the applicable legislation.
Common post-processing includes edge sealing with epoxy or resin coat, sanding or buffing, and the inspection of edges for delamination or of fiber exposure. If aesthetic or operational requirements dictate, the parts can be painted, clear-coated, or assembled. For critical parts, non-destructive testing using ultrasound or tap testing can assess integrity.
Increased costs and lead times are to be expected when working with carbon fiber. This is primarily due to the need to implement special machining processes for the layout, curing and other processes particular to working with carbon fiber. On the other hand, the carbon fiber will allow for the removal of a number of heavy metal components and/or other such components in a given design due to the being able to achieve the desired goal at much lighter weights, and therefore, much more efficient designs. The total cost is dependent on volume, the number of parts required, complexity, and any special touches that are required.
Diamond-coated or solid carbide end mills with polished flutes tend to work best due to their extreme wear resistance and sharpness. Higher feed per tooth and reduced radial engagements work best moderate spindle speeds to produce shearing rather than abrasive rubbing while disengaging the fiber. Toolpath planning using climbing milling and multiple light passes will help reduce tool wear and delamination.
5-axis CNC machining should be utilized when considering parts with intricate geometries, multiple faces, or parts that need tighter tolerances than a 3-axis CNC mill can do with multiple set-ups. 5-axis machining helps to mitigate re-positioning, which can be a source
These include the need to be sensitive to the cut direction in relation to the fiber orientation, the need to try to avoid edge delamination, and the difficulty in achieving deep internal features that do not have some form of specialty tooling. If there is a thick laminate stack, it may require a two-step (progressive) process to thin down the laminate or to do some punching. Some ultra thin, or flexible, prepregs may be difficult to retain during the machining process. The impact of these limitations can be minimized by engaging .